Energy transduction underpins fundamental cellular processes, converting chemical energy stored in gradients into the mechanical and chemical work essential for life. Central to this conversion is the ...
Key nuclear processes in eukaryotes, including DNA replication, repair, and gene regulation, require extensive chromatin remodeling catalyzed by energy-consuming enzymes. It remains unclear how the ...
If there’s one thing that most folks will remember from even just high school biology class, it’s that the mitochondria is the “powerhouse of the cell.” Why? Because it creates ATP, a cellular ...