The significance of water volume measurement is growing, particularly in large diameters. The challenge related to fresh water or cooling water processes is to form accurate flow recordings or to ...

Polyvinyl chloride pipes have become the backbone of modern plumbing, drainage, and irrigation systems worldwide. Understanding the intricate manufacturing process behind these ubiquitous construction ...

Modern civilization depends on the transport of liquid and gases in systems of pipes, just as humans depend on the transport of blood through arteries and veins 1. As fluids move through pipes, they ...

Bypass pipes, accompanied by a three-way control valve, are often seen in hydronic systems at both served loads (e.g., reheat coils) as well as at primary equipment (e.g., cooling towers). Reasons for ...

Built for the digital and analytical world, the PipeFractionalFlow software has its origins in a college doctoral programme. “It’s a science project that started in 2007,” says Anand Nagoo, chief ...