For two centuries, engineers have trusted a simple rule to predict how heat flows through solids, from jet-engine blades to smartphone chips. Now a set of carefully designed experiments has revealed a ...

When a spacecraft enters a thick atmosphere at a high velocity, it rapidly compresses the gas in front of it. This creates temperatures high enough to ionize the gas molecules into a hot, dense plasma ...

With the world set to blow past 1.5°C of warming, researchers are increasingly studying possible methods of cooling the planet by modifying the atmosphere or the oceans. More geoengineering research ...