Q: My cousin was diagnosed with dystonia, what is this? A: Dystonia is a disorder of involuntary muscle contractions that may cause repetitive and/or abnormal movement or postures, for example ...

When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. In patients with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, the HPRT1 enzyme doesn't work properly due to mutations in ...

Athetoid cerebral palsy is a type of cerebral palsy that causes uncontrollable muscle movements. It’s present in infancy or childhood and may be more severe than other types of cerebral palsy.

Medically reviewed by Katrina Carter, DPT Key Takeaways Voluntary muscles can be controlled by the person, like muscles in your neck and legs. Involuntary muscles work without you thinking about it, ...

Dystonia is a neurological disorder causing involuntary muscle contractions and abnormal postures. Botulinum toxin (e.g., Botox) is the gold-standard, first-line treatment for focal dystonias, which ...

Clonus reflex is a set of rhythmic, involuntary muscle movements. It is a neurological condition that affects the nerve cells that control muscle movements. Damage to the nerves, as in clonus, causes ...

Athetosis and chorea are two types of involuntary movements that can occur in children and adults with neurological conditions, such as cerebral palsy. The movements have different features, and the ...

Those seemingly random kicks or wiggles a newborn baby makes have a purpose. With each movement, the baby is developing its sensorimotor system, which it will later use to perform sequential movements ...

Epilepsy presents differently in each person. The condition has a range of symptoms that varies. Convulsions can be one sign of epilepsy. However, people often experience epilepsy without ever having ...