Abstract: For radar observations, invariant target parameters extracted from the scattering matrix (SM) provide information about the target's geometry and composition. By studying the invariant ...

In the past year, two separate experiments in two different materials captured the same confounding scenario: the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism. Scientists had assumed that these two ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Thomas J. Brock is a CFA and CPA with more ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Classical conditioning is a way to learn using unconscious associations. Pavlov discovered classical conditioning when dogs started to salivate at the sound of a bell before they got food. The ...