Introduction to ciphers and substitution. Alice and Bob and Carl and Julius: terminology and Caesar Cipher ; The key to the matter: generalizing the Caesar Cipher ; Multiplicative ciphers ; Affine ...

1. Introduction -- 2. From Julius Caesar to simple substitution -- 3. Polyalphabetic systems -- 4. Jigsaw ciphers -- 5. Two-letter ciphers -- 6. Codes -- 7. Ciphers for spies -- 8. Producing random ...

Roula Khalaf, Editor of the FT, selects her favourite stories in this weekly newsletter. Little Clara Stahlbaum’s Christmas tree is 20ft taller than yours. Her presents are nicer, her party frock is ...

And now more cities are implementing curbside composting to help them meet their sustainability goals. New York is currently rolling out a mandatory composting program that will soon be effect in ...

A type of chaos found in everything from prime numbers to turbulence can unify a pair of unrelated ideas, revealing a ...

Half advice show. Half survival guide. Half absurdity-fest. (Wait, how does this work again? We're not numbers people.) Each episode, we answer all your burning questions, from how to survive a public ...

What To Know: JPMorgan believes long-term high-performance computing deals strengthen the case for Bitcoin miners transitioning into data-center operators, according to Investing.com. The firm noted ...

What To Know: Cipher said the warrants that remain unexercised as of 5:00 p.m. ET on Dec. 26, 2025, will be redeemed at a price of $0.01 per warrant. These warrants were originally issued under a ...

We recently published 10 Big Names Feasting on Gains Ahead of Thanksgiving. Cipher Mining Inc. (NASDAQ:CIFR) is one of the best-performing stocks on Wednesday. Cipher Mining rallied for a 3rd straight ...

​Some Wordle days feel smooth. Others feel like the puzzle is actively working against you. December 22’s Wordle (#1647) falls into the second category. If you found yourself stuck with grey tiles and ...

NEW YORK - Cipher Mining Inc. (NASDAQ:CIFR) announced Wednesday it will redeem all outstanding warrants to purchase shares of its common stock that remain unexercised by December 26, 2025, for a ...

A crack at a beloved tourist attraction in Yosemite National Park has forced park rangers to close several popular trails and issue safety warnings to visitors. The rapidly-growing crack on the ...