Abstract: This letter presents electromagnetic encoders where encoding is achieved by considering four different inclusions, particularly linear strips of different length, etched at the predefined ...

Quantum optics is the study of how individual quanta of light, known as photons, interact with atoms and molecules. This includes studying the particle-like properties of photons. Photons have been ...

Gels are materials composed of a three-dimensional crosslinked polymer or colloidal network immersed in a fluid. They are usually soft and weak, but can be made hard and tough. Hydrogels are gels that ...

Status: Hobbyist/educational encoder that approximates Dolby Pro Logic II (PLII) Lt/Rt matrixing. Not Dolby‑certified; do not use for broadcast/distribution requiring official compliance.